Web application development References


ISO-639-1


Official languages of the United Nations

  • Arabic
  • Chinese (Mandarin)
  • English
  • French
  • Russian
  • Spanish

CLDR

Unicode Common Locale Data Repository

터미널 한글 설정

windows cmd - chcp 65001
linux shell - export LC_ALL=ko_KR.UTF-8


구글 맵스 지도 검색

https://maps.google.com/?q=이름@위도,경도

구글 정의 검색

define:something

Protocol SPDY

http://www.chromium.org/spdy

MongoDB

사용자추가 스키마생성 DB삭제

mongod 를 기동할 때는 --auth 옵션을 추가해야 함
mongoDB는 system영역 내에서 admin이라는 DB관리를 위한 스키마를 가짐
>use admin // admin DB 사용
>db.addUser('name','pswd') // 사용자 추가
>use newDB => 해당 디비가 없으면, 새로운 디비를 생성함
   mysql의 스키마 생성과 같음
>db.collectionName.drop() => 해당 collection을 삭제함
   mysql의 DROP TABLE과 같음

Mongodb eclipse

log path configuration

"C:\data\mongodb-xxxxxxxxx\bin\mongod" --service  --logpath  c:\data\test.log

import

mongoimport --host localhost --db myapp_development --collection my_collection --type csv --file C:\dev\data\test.csv --headerline --upsert

regex

mongodb regex = '^[work|accus*|planet]'
MongoDB can only use indexes on Regular Expression searches that are front (^) anchored.
RegEx searches that front-anchor and then use a wildcard query like .* will use the index for as much of the un-wildcarded area as it can before scanning --- i.e., ^foo.* will run a partial scan.


Mysql

mysql backup and restore


mysqldump -uUSER -pPASSWORD -hHOST DB > ./filename.sql
mysql -uUSER -pPASSWORD -hHOST DB < ./filename.sql

MySQL index

What should be indexed?
–All attributes where you JOIN
–All attributes where you filter (WHERE)
–All attributes where you ORDER or GROUP BY
–All attributes where you want to do an Index Scaninstead of a Table scan.
–NOT on attributes with an evenly distributed lowcardinality.
•How should be indexed?
–Indexes can only be used from left to right.
–Keep them short.
–Compound indexes: INDEX(a, b).
–Prefixed indexes: INDEX(a, b(10)).
–Do not function-cover indexed attributes

http://www.scribd.com/doc/80792061/MySQL-Performance-Tuning

MySQL Date and Time Functions


Mysql 동일 테이블에서 여러 필드 값의 합 쿼리

//쿼리1 보다 쿼리2가 두 배 이상 빠르다. 단, 하나의 칼럼 갯수를 구할 땐 where절과 count(*)를 쓰는 것이 더 빠르다.
//쿼리1
select sum(cnt) from (
    select count(*) as cnt from `my_table` WHERE `field_x` =1
    union all
    select count(*) as cnt from `my_table` WHERE `field_y` =1
    union all
    select count(*) as cnt from `my_table` WHERE `field_z` =1
) as cnt_all
//쿼리2
SELECT
(SUM(IF(`field_x` = 1,1,0)) +   
    SUM(IF(`field_y` = 1,1,0)) +
    SUM(IF(`field_z` = 1,1,0))) as cnt_all
FROM `my_table`
WHERE 1


firefox - keyword.url

http://www.google.co.kr/search?num=50&hl=ko&lr=&newwindow=1&tbo=1&as_qdr=all&aq=f&aqi=&aql=&oq=&gs_rfai=&ie=UTF-8&oe=UTF-8&sourceid=navclient&gfns=1&q=

리눅스 crontab

crontab -l

CSS FONT BASE-64

/* Fonts as files */
@font-face {
    font-family: 'MyFontFamily';
    src: url('myfont-webfont.eot?') format('eot'),
         url('myfont-webfont.woff') format('woff'),
         url('myfont-webfont.ttf')  format('truetype'),
         url('myfont-webfont.svg#svgFontName') format('svg');
    }
/* Fonts as data uris */
@font-face {
    font-family: 'MyFontFamily';
    src: url('myfont-webfont.eot?') format('embedded-opentype');
    }
   
@font-face {
    font-family: 'MyFontFamily';
         url(data:font/truetype;charset=utf-8;base64,BASE64_ENCODED_DATA_HERE)  format('truetype'),
         url(data:font/woff;charset=utf-8;base64,BASE64_ENCODED_DATA_HERE)  format('woff'),
         url('myfont-webfont.svg#svgFontName') format('svg');
    }


CSS Sticky windows

    .outer {
        width:200px;
        height:600px;
        background-color:red;
        margin:0 auto;
    }
    .inner {
        width:50px;
        border:1px solid white;
        position:fixed;
    }
 


Insert the word (image) into the alt text of an image that hasn’t loaded In Firefox

img:after   { content:" (image)"; }
img::after  { content:" (image)"; } /* New CSS3 standard notation */


FYI

References and Articles

빠른 웹 개발

도구


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Ruby Gems Cheat Sheet


GEM 설정

gem environment
set GEM_PATH = D:\dev\ruby192\lib\ruby\gems\1.9.1\gems
gem update --system
gem uninstall gemname
bundle update
(vendor 폴더에 bundle 설치하기)
bundle install --path vendor/bundle


devise

Controller filters and helpers

Devise will create some helpers to use inside your controllers and views. To set up a controller with user authentication, just add this before_filter:
before_filter :authenticate_user!
To verify if a user is signed in, use the following helper:
user_signed_in?
For the current signed-in user, this helper is available:
current_user
You can access the session for this scope:
user_session
Callbacks
    after_set_user
    after_authentication
    before_failure
    before_logout
    Warden::Manager.after_authentication do |user,auth,opts|
        user.last_login = Time.now
    end
   

generator

devise g view with haml
rails g devise_views -t=haml

OmniAuth

Add :password => Devise.friendly_token[0,20] when creating a new user from facebook omniauth.

Passwords Encrypt manually


Assuming you have a mysql database with a "users" table and a "password" column And an ActiveRecord model class called "user" that is hooked up to devise
Create an ActiveRecord model class in your app app/models/old_user.rb
OldUser < ActiveRecord::Base
  set_table :users
  establish_connection :database => "old_database", :user => "old user", :adapter => "mysql"
end
then create a rake task: app/lib/tasks/migrate_users.rake
task :migrate_users => :environment do
  OldUser.find_each do |old_user|
    u = User.new(:email => old_user.email, :password => old_user.password, :password_confirmation => old_user.password);
    #if your using confirmation
    u.skip_confirmation!
    u.save!
  end
end
Modify as necessary (make sure you're saving any app-specific user attributes)
Then$ rake migrate_users
   
Good news and bad news.
Good news:
The following works to create your user's password manually.
 pepper = nil
 cost = 10
 encrypted_password = ::BCrypt::Password.create("#{password}#{pepper}", :cost => cost).to_s
You can find your pepper and cost in your devise initializer. This method was confirmed using Devise's "valid_password?" method.
Bad news:
The entire reason I was trying to avoid "User.new(password: password).encrypted_password" was because of speed. It's terribly slow. With all my other pieces of my import task, I've intentionally avoided this.
But as it turns out, the major cost here is not instantiating a User object -- but BCrypt itself. There is very little noticeable speed boost when using BCrypt directly because it's intentionally designed to be slow.
My final answer: suck it up, run the rake script, go find a beverage.

mailer locale configuration

-ActionMailer::Base.default_url_options[:locale] = I18n.locale


Simple_form

<%= simple_form_for(@user, :builder => CustomBuilder) do |f| %>
  <%= f.input :name %>
<% end %>


Client side validations

Client side validations Registering own form builder
https://github.com/bcardarella/client_side_validations/wiki/Registering-your-own-custom-form-builder


Client MVC

Spine

Important is only that the public directory of the application is specified
as domainroot in Confixx. If the domain is called Passenger will start automatically.."
rails g spine:model Card text is_private order user_id card_type
rails g spine:controller Cards
rails g spine:scaffold card text is_private order user_id card_type
rails g spine:model Organization title description url image admins members followers
rails g spine:controller Organizations
rails g spine:scaffold organization title description url image admins members followers
var card = App.Card.create({ 
  is_private: true,
  order: 0,
  card_type: 'Reason',
  text: 'Spine & Rails, sitting in a tree!'
});
straightforward way to do that without extending Spine Model's
to allow for instances to be added in memory without syncing
Ajax.disable -> saveStuff()
Model.refresh()
extends
Contact.extend(Spine.Model.Ajax);
Contact.extend({
url: '/users/'
});
'/': ->
    if AuthenticatedUser
         @controller = new OtherController
         @replace @controller.render()
    else
         @controller = new LoginController
         @replace @controller.render()
http://spinejs.com/docs/controller_patterns         
         


Compass

compass init rails D:/dev/workspace/baksisi
compass init rails -r html5-boilerplate -u html5-boilerplate --syntax sass --force
css와 javascript를 asset 폴더로 옮겨준다. rails.js는 제외 (jquery_ujs와 동일하다)


Geo_location

https://github.com/chrisyour/geo_location
http://www.maxmind.com/app/geolitecountry


Mongoid id 변경하기

http://blog.joshdzielak.com/blog/2011/12/24/tame-the-mongoid-id-field-in-your-rails-and-backbone-js-app/
http://lostechies.com/derickbailey/2011/06/17/making-mongoid-play-nice-with-backbone-js/


Mongoid Follow unfollow

class User
  include Mongoid::Document
  field :name, type: String
  has_and_belongs_to_many :following, class_name: 'User', inverse_of: :followers, autosave: true
  has_and_belongs_to_many :followers, class_name: 'User', inverse_of: :following
  def follow!(user)
    if self.id != user.id && !self.following.include?(user)
      self.following << user
    end
  end
  def unfollow!(user)
    !self.following.include?(user)
    self.following.delete(user)
  end    
end
relation_ids instead? that is self.member_count = self.member_ids.size
self.challenged.where(_id: event.id).destroy_all
def unchallenge!(announce)
  self.announcements.destroy_all( conditions: { _id: announce.id })
  self.save!
end
Finally I successfully deleted the relation using self.challenged_ids.delete(event.id)
validates_inclusion_of :foo, in: [['foo'], ['bar']]


Mongoid polymorphic behaviour

When a child embedded document can belong to more than one type of parent document, you can tell Mongoid to support this by adding the as option to the definition on the parents, and the polymorphic option on the child.
class Doctor
  include Mongoid::Document
  embeds_one :name, as: :namable
end
class Nurse
  include Mongoid::Document
  embeds_one :name, as: :namable
end
class Name
  include Mongoid::Document
  embedded_in :namable, polymorphic: true
end


TEST

Cucumber

rails g cucumber:install ?capybara ?rspec
  ruby script/rails generate cucumber:feature user email:string password:string confirm_password:string name:string nickname:string gender:integer location_name:string location:integer email_is_priavate:boolean name_is_private:boolean danted:boolean description:string
  ruby script/rails generate scaffold post title:string body:text published:boolean
  rake db:migrate
  rake cucumber


Cucumber Errors Handling

If SystemStackError: stack level too deep 
Then add gem "rspec", ">= 2.6.0.rc2", :group => [:development, :test] to Gemfile


Cucumber & Capybara Ajax

sleep second
page.driver.browser.execute_script %Q{ $('.ui-menu-item a:contains("#{link_text}")').trigger("mouseenter").click(); }
Clicking any element with Cucumber and Capybara
class Capybara::XPath
  class << self
    def element(locator)
      append("//*[normalize-space(text())=#{s(locator)}]")
    end
  end
end
When 'I click "$locator"' do |locator|
  msg = "No element found with the content of '#{locator}'"
  locate(:xpath, Capybara::XPath.element(locator), msg).click
end
The step looks for any element with the given text. Here it is in use:
Scenario: Creating an item
  Given I am signed in as "[email protected]"
   When I click "Add to your list"
    And I fill in "Description" with "blog about clicking any element"
    And I press enter
   Then I should see "The item was added to your list"
    And I should see "blog about clicking any element"
   


Cucumber Capybara

selenium chrome driver
https://github.com/jnicklas/capybara
http://code.google.com/p/chromium/downloads/list
http://code.google.com/p/selenium/wiki/ChromeDriver#Overriding_the_Chrome_binary_location
Capybara.register_driver :selenium_with_firebug do |app|
  Capybara::Driver::Selenium
  profile = Selenium::WebDriver::Firefox::Profile.new
  profile.add_extension(File.expand_path("features/support/firebug-1.6.0-fx.xpi"))
  Capybara::Driver::Selenium.new(app, { :browser => :firefox, :profile => profile })
end
Before("@selenium_with_firebug") do
  Capybara.current_driver = :selenium_with_firebug
end


I18n

I18n-js initialize

layout/application.html.haml
- html_tag :class => 'no-js', :lang => "#{I18n.locale}"
applcation.js
I18n.default_locale = "en"
I18n.locale = $($("html")[0]).prop("lang")
I18n.fallbacks = true


Media - Flickraw

    flickr.upload_photo(params[:photo].tempfile.path)


Gem Trouble shooting

Q. `require': no such file to load -- thin (LoadError)
A. => Add gem 'thin' to Gemfile


Rails Performance

  • Curb for Http (libcurl)
  • Yajl, the fastest JSON library.
  • excon #=> faster http
  • Nokogiri, the fastest XML library.
  • Snappy, super fast compression tool by google.
  • fast_xs
  • Memcache. (libmemcached)
  • use Ree Garbage Collector

Fastest Server

  • Unicorn
  • Thin

Profiling Tools

  • NewRelic - Monitoring Tool (Commercial)
  • Ganglia - Monitoring Tool (OpenSource)
  • Cloudflare - Performance & Security
  • rack-perftools

Rack-bug

1. Install rack-bug (branch rails3) as plugin
cd vendor/plugins
git clone -b rails3 https://github.com/brynary/rack-bug.git
If you want to you it as gem then add following line into Gemfile
gem 'rack-bug', :git => 'https://github.com/brynary/rack-bug.git', :branch => 'rails3'
2. Replace the code from file actionview_extension.rb
which is avilable in vendor/plugins/rack-bug/lib/rack/bug/panels/templates_panel/ as specified in bug of rack_bug repository
if defined?(ActionView) && defined?(ActionView::Template)
ActionView::Template.class_eval do
def render_with_rack_bug(*args, &block)
Rack::Bug::TemplatesPanel.record(virtual_path) do
render_without_rack_bug(*args, &block)
end
end
alias_method_chain :render, :rack_bug
end
end
If you are using gem override the specified file in some way
3. Add following lines into your config.ru
require 'rack/bug'
use Rack::Bug, :secret_key => "someverylongandveryhardtoguesspreferablyrandomstring"
run myapp
4. Start your server and access the URL http://your_app/__rack_bug__/bookmarklet.html
and enter the password.
http://blog.railsupgrade.com/2011/04/configure-rack-bug-for-rails-3.html


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Ruby on Rails Cheat Sheet


rails 데이터 타입

:string, :text, :integer, :float, :decimal, :datetime, :timestamp, :time, :date, :binary, :boolean

Rails Mimetype   

"./."                      => :all
"text/plain"               => :text
"text/html"                => :html
"application/xhtml+xml"    => :html
"text/javascript"          => :js
"application/javascript"   => :js
"application/x-javascript" => :js
"text/calendar"            => :ics  
"text/csv"                 => :csv  
"application/xml"          => :xml
"text/xml"                 => :xml
"application/x-xml"        => :xml
"text/yaml"                => :yaml
"application/x-yaml"       => :yaml
"application/rss+xml"      => :rss  
"application/atom+xml"     => :atom 
"application/json"         => :json
"text/x-json"              => :json

bundle asset precompile

bundle exec rake assets:precompile RAILS_ENV="production"
rake assets:clean< add below code if you want development environment with out precompile config.serve.static.assets = false application.rb use Bundler.require(:default, :assets, Rails.env) instead of Bundler.require(*Rails.groups(:assets => %w(development test)))

compile assets locally

Put below into development.rb
config.assets.prefix = "/temp-assets"
Also put below into application.rb
config.assets.initialize.on.precompile = false

rails logger

Rails.logger.info "My info message"
Rails.logger.debug "My debugging message"
Rails.logger.warn "My warning message"

Environment Log level

config.log_level = :debug, :info, :warn, :error, and :fatal

Validation text length CR filter

before.validation :replace.cr
  protected
  def replace.cr
    if self.description.changed?
      self.description.gsub!(/\r\n?/, "\n")
    end
  end

validation locale


// config/locales/en.yml
en:
  activerecord:
    attributes:
      user:
        email: "E-mail address"
    errors:
      models:
        user:
          attributes:
            email:
              blank: "is required"
If you are using mongoid, replace activerecord: with mongoid:

Validate associated

The answer to this turned out to be rather simple. On the parent model, you simply explicitly declare that you want the associated children validated.
parent.rb
validates_associated :children

Validate if persisted? or new_record?

validates.uniqueness.of :nickname, :message => I18n.t("user.already.taken"), :if => :new.record?
validates.uniqueness.of :nickname, :message => I18n.t("user.already_taken"), :unless => :persisted?

Session Store in rails 3

Use the database for sessions instead of the cookie-based default, which shouldn't be used to store highly confidential information
Create the session table with
rake db:sessions:create
Run the migration
rake db:migrate
Make sure you also tell rails to use ActiveRecord to manage your sessions too.
Rails 3
config/initializers/session.store.rb:
Rails.application.config.session.store :active.record.store

DB Migrate Production

rake db:migrate RAILS_ENV="production"

get rails environment

Rails.env
env["SERVER_NAME"]

rails template

rake print --silent RECIPES=jquery,haml,rspec,cucumber,guard,mongoid,action.mailer,devise,add.user,home.page,home.page.users,seed.database,users.page,css.setup,application.layout,html5,navigation,cleanup,ban.spiders,extras,git,compass,omniauth,omniauth.email,backbone > ~/Desktop/backbone.template.txt
Could you please run it again using the "-T -O -J" flags? As in
rails new template_test -m https://github.com/fortuity/rails3-application-templates/raw/master/rails3-mongoid-devise-template.rb -T -O -J
http://blog.dominicsayers.com/2011/08/16/howto-use-a-rails-template-from-github-on-windows/

thin start

D:\dev\ruby192\bin\ruby.exe -e $stdout.sync=true;$stderr.sync=true;load($0=ARGV.shift) D:/dev/workspace/baksisi/script/rails server thin -b 127.0.0.1 -p 3002 -e development
ruby ./script/rails server thin -b smoke-free-online.de -p 3000 -e development -d
thin start

Middle Man

"server" was called incorrectly. Call as "middleman server [-p 4567] [-e development]".
"middleman server [-p 4567] [-e development]" instead of "middleman server -p 4567 -e development

DB migration

Rails g migration change.data.type.for.table_column

I18n

locale join

config/application.rb
config.i18n.load_path += Dir[Rails.root.join('config', 'locales', '.*', '..{rb,yml}')]

locale path

routes.rb
  match '/:locale' => "home#index"
  root :to => "home#index"
  scope "/:locale" do   
    controller :models do
      something
    end
    resources :models, :only => :show
ApplicationController
  def default.url.options(options = {})
    options.merge!({:locale => I18n.locale})
  end   

Localize

I18n.l Time.now, :format => :short,  :locale => :"ko"

Pluralization

ko:
  pears:
    zero: ko.zero
    one: ko.one
    few: ko.few
    other: ko.other

generate rake tasks

rails g task namespace task1 task2
rake -T | grep namespace

세션 저장

config.session.store :cookie.store, :key => '.baksisi.session', :domain => :all
environment.rb 메일러에 레이아웃을 지정하고 싶다면.
DeviseMailer.layout "OMG"

show routes

rake routes

SASS

config/application.rb:
config.generators.stylesheet_engine = :sass
sass-convert style.sass style.scss

Trouble Shootings

uninitialized constant

file name confirm (if file name capital, it can be occurred.)

guard-livereload error

gem install eventmachine --pre 

open-uri.rb file in C:/Ruby1.9.2/lib/ruby/1.9.1/ (of course your path might be different).

http.verify.mode = options[:ssl.verify.mode] || OpenSSL::SSL::VERIFY.NONE

[ERROR] V8 is no longer usable

ulimit -v unlimited  

CSV Data Handling

http://www.ruby-doc.org/stdlib-1.9.2/libdoc/csv/rdoc/CSV.html

get action information at view

    params[:action]

HAML

rails helper using haml
 
def section(name)
haml.tag(:div, :class => 'section') do
  haml.tag(:h2, name)
  haml.tag(:p, :class => 'section.content') do
    yield
  end
end
end
      
def content.box
  haml.tag :div, :class => "holder" do
    haml.tag :div, :class => "top"
    haml.tag :div, :class => "content" do
      yield
    haml.tag :div, :class => "bottom"
  end
end
and in haml
%html
  %head
  %body
    Maybee some content here.
    - content.box do
      Content that goes in the content_box like news or stuff      
     
fields_for with index
<% @questions.each.with.index do |question,index| %>
    <% f.fields.for :questions, question do |fq| %> 
        # here you have both the 'question' object and the current 'index'
    <% end %>
<% end %>
It’s also possible to specify the instance to be used:
<%= form.for @person do |person.form| %>
...
<% @person.projects.each do |project| %>
  <% if project.active? %>
    <%= person.form.fields.for :projects, project do |project.fields| %>
      Name: <%= project.fields.text_field :name %>
    <% end %>
  <% end %>
<% end %>
<% end %>     

Rails Response

namespace "api" do
  resources :regions, :defaults => { :format => 'xml' }
end
Then you should be able to have the following work for your controller methods:
class Api::RegionsController < ApplicationController
  respond.to :xml, :json
  def index
    respond.with(@regions = Region.all)
  end
end
rescue.from  ActionController::MissingFile do |e|
  # User's browser probably wont display this
  # Content-Type is application/x-shockwave-flash
  render :file => File.join(Rails.public.path, '404.html'), :status => 404
end

show details or stream video

def show
  @media = Media.find params[:id]
  respond.to do |format|
    format.html
    format.flv { send.file @media.path, :disposition => 'inline' }
  end
end
render :file => File.join(Rails.public.path, '404.html'), :status => 404, :content.type => 'text/html'

render with variable

render :partial => "my/conejo", :locals => {:my.val => something}
render "my/liebre", :my.val => something

scope

default_scope order('id DESC')
Model.reorder('')
Model.unscoped

render an other action in the controller, in js.

  render 'result', :id => @item.id, :format => :js
 

layout xhr? 

  class ApplicationController < ActionController::Base
  layout proc{|c| c.request.xhr? ? false : "application" }
  end
  layout :layout.xhr?
  def layout.xhr?
    request.xhr? ? false : 'application'
  end
 

AJAX Performance stale? and touch


 def show
    @list_item = @list.list_items.find( params[ :id ] )
    if stale?( :etag => @list_item, :last_modified => @list_item.updated_at.utc, :public => true )
      respond_with( @list_item )
    end
  end
  Also instead of the update_list method being called from after_save/destroy you can pass :touch => true to the belongs_to association which will do the same

AJAX Handler - ?xhr

respond_with( @something, :layout => !request.xhr? )
or
respond_to do |wants|
  wants.html do
    if request.xhr?
      render :partial => "items"
    else
      render
    end
  end
end

Asset

exist

YourApp::Application.assets.find_asset("#{asset}.file").nil?

### pathname

<YourAppName>::Application.assets.find_asset('Rails.png').pathname

absolute asset_path in view using helper

"#{request.protocol}#{request.host.with.port}#{asset.path('person/gravatar.default.png')}"
"#{request.scheme}://#{request.host.with.port}#{request.script_name}"

Mailer

config

environment/production.rb
  config.action.mailer.default.url.options = {:host => 'localhost:3000',:locale =>I18n.locale}
  config.action.mailer.smtp.settings = {
    :address              => "server.addr",
    :port                 => 587,
    :domain               => "sever.domain",
    :user.name            => "user.name",
    :password             => "user.password",
    :authentication       => "plain",
    :enable.starttls.auto => true
  } 
  config.action.mailer.delivery.method = :smtp
  config.action.mailer.perform.deliveries = true
  config.action.mailer.raise.delivery.errors = false
  config.action.mailer.default :charset => "utf-8"

inline attachement

in mailer

attachments.inline['blank'] = {
    :data => File.read("#{Rails.root.to.s + '/app/assets/images/blank.png'}"),
    :mime.type => "image/png",
    :encoding => "base64"
}

in view

if @offer.image.nil?
  = image.tag( attachments['blank'].url, :id => 'attachement.image', :width => "400", :height => "400")
 

validates in I18n

%{attribute} - field name
%{model} - model name 
%{count} - count


rescue log

begin
  ...some code...
rescue Exception => e
  logger.error e.message
 

Ruby

Iterate

a.each.with.index do |item, index|
  puts item, b[index]
end
array.each.slice(3) do |elements|
  fire.the_event
end

Timezone

in client (js):
function set.time.zone.offset() {
    var current.time = new Date();
    $.cookie('time.zone', current.time.getTimezoneOffset());
}
in Application Controller:
before.filter :set.timezone
def set.timezone 
 min = request.cookies["time.zone"].to_i
 Time.zone = ActiveSupport::TimeZone[-min.minutes]
end

DateTime format

  %a - The abbreviated weekday name (Sun)
&nbsp; %A - The&nbsp; full&nbsp; weekday&nbsp; name (Sunday)
  %b - The abbreviated month name (Jan)
&nbsp; %B - The&nbsp; full&nbsp; month&nbsp; name (January)
  %c - The preferred local date and time representation
  %d - Day of the month (01..31)
  %H - Hour of the day, 24-hour clock (00..23)
  %I - Hour of the day, 12-hour clock (01..12)
  %j - Day of the year (001..366)
  %m - Month of the year (01..12)
  %M - Minute of the hour (00..59)
  %p - Meridian indicator (AM&nbsp; or&nbsp;PM)
  %S - Second of the minute (00..60)
  %U - Week  number  of the current year,
          starting with the first Sunday as the first
          day of the first week (00..53)
  %W - Week  number  of the current year,
          starting with the first Monday as the first
          day of the first week (00..53)
  %w - Day of the week (Sunday is 0, 0..6)
  %x - Preferred representation for the date alone, no time
  %X - Preferred representation for the time alone, no date
  %y - Year without a century (00..99)
  %Y - Year with century
  %Z - Time zone name
  %% - Literal ``%'' character
   t = Time.now
   t.strftime("Printed on %m/%d/%Y")   #=> "Printed on 04/09/2003"
   t.strftime("at %I:%M%p")            #=> "at 08:56AM"
  
   datetime seconds, hours, days, weeks, months, and years
  
    Add below lines to one of your initializer files, e.g., config/environment.rb:
    DateTime::DATE.FORMATS[:short]="short %Y-%m-%d %H:%M:%S"
    Time::DATE.FORMATS[:short] = "short %Y-%m-%d %H:%M:%S"
    Date::DATE.FORMATS[:short] = "short %Y-%m-%d"
    modify view:
    <%= item.create_date.to_s(:short) %>
distance_of_time_in_words(from_time, to_time = 0, include_seconds = false, options = {})
today = DateTime.now
=> #<DateTime: 441799066630193/180000000,-301/1440,2299161>
birthday = Date.new(2008, 4, 10)
=> #<Date: 4909133/2,0,2299161>
days_to_go = birthday - today
time_until = birthday - today
=> Rational(22903369807, 180000000)
time_until.to_i             # get the number of days until my birthday
=> 127
hours,minutes,seconds,frac = Date.day_fraction.to_time(time_until)
[3053, 46, 57, Rational(1057, 180000000)]
- mm  = (now-la    st_cigarette).divmod(Rational(1, 1440))[0]
- past.days = mm / 1440
- past.hours = (mm % 1440) / 60
- past_minutes = mm % 60

timezone

def set_api_time_zone
  utc_offset = current.user.session && current.user.session.user ? current.user.session.user.time.zone.offset.to.i.minutes : 0
  user.timezone = ActiveSupport::TimeZone[utc.offset]
  Time.zone = user.timezone if user.timezone
  Time.zone.today
  Time.now.to.date
    # => Thu, 19 May 2011
  Time.now.in.time.zone('Melbourne').to_date
    # => Fri, 20 May 2011
end

Range step

range.step(2) {|x| puts x}


benchmark

require 'benchmark'
n = 1000000
def answer1 current.subdomain
  case current.subdomain
  when 'www', 'blog', 'foo', 'bar'
  else nil
  end
end
def answer2 current.subdomain
  nil unless  ["www", "blog", "foo", "bar"].include?(current.subdomain)
end
Benchmark.bmbm do |b|
  b.report('answer1'){n.times{answer1('bar')}}
  b.report('answer2'){n.times{answer2('bar')}}
end
Rehearsal -------------------------------------------
answer1   0.290000   0.000000   0.290000 (  0.286367)
answer2   1.170000   0.000000   1.170000 (  1.175492)
---------------------------------- total: 1.460000sec
              user     system      total        real
answer1   0.290000   0.000000   0.290000 (  0.282610)
answer2   1.180000   0.000000   1.180000 (  1.186130)
Benchmark.bmbm do |b|
  b.report('answer1'){n.times{answer1('hello')}}
  b.report('answer2'){n.times{answer2('hello')}}
end
Rehearsal -------------------------------------------
answer1   0.250000   0.000000   0.250000 (  0.252618)
answer2   1.100000   0.000000   1.100000 (  1.091571)
---------------------------------- total: 1.350000sec
              user     system      total        real
answer1   0.250000   0.000000   0.250000 (  0.251833)
answer2   1.090000   0.000000   1.090000 (  1.090418)


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Git cheat sheet


ssh 키페어 만들기

ssh 키 페어 만들기

git 기본 명령어


git init  - 초기화
git add * - git에 파일 목록 넣기
git commit -am 'initial commit' - 커밋
git push repository_name master - 해당 브랜치에 커밋
git clone [email protected]:app/app.git - 코드를 로컬로  복제
cd app
git pull - 변경사항 풀


git 환경 설정


git config --global --list
현재 설정정보 조회할 수 있습니다. --global옵션은 전역설정에 대한 옵션이며 현재 프로젝트에만 적용할때는 주지 않습니다.
git config --global user.name "사용자명"
사용자명을 등록합니다 (필수)
git config --global user.email "이메일주소"
이메일 주소를 등록합니다. (필수)
git config --global color.ui “auto”
터미널에 표시되는 메시지에 칼라를 표시해 줍니다.



gitignore 사용하기


.gitignore
git config --global core.excludesfile ~/.gitignore_global
git rm -r --cached .
git add .
git commit -m ".gitignore 완성!"
git stash branch branchname
git fetch
git merge
git pull (git fetch + git merge branchname)


로컬 변경 무시하고 저장소에서 받아오기

모든 로컬 변경을 스태쉬 한다.
git stash save --keep-index
저장한 stash를 지운다.
git stash drop

파일 하나만 저장소에서 불러오려면 이렇게 한다.
git checkout HEAD^ path/to/file/to/revert

그리고 저장소에서 풀 한다.
git pull


특정 커밋으로 돌아가기
http://stackoverflow.com/questions/4114095/revert-to-previous-git-commit
git reset --hard 0d1d7fc32

Send a pull request on GitHub for only latest commit
http://stackoverflow.com/questions/5256021/send-a-pull-request-on-github-for-only-latest-commit
git checkout -b upstream upstream/master
git cherry-pick <SHA hash of commit>
git push origin upstream



How can I rollback a github repository to a specific commit?
http://stackoverflow.com/questions/4372435/how-can-i-rollback-a-github-repository-to-a-specific-commit
git reset --hard <old-commit-id>
git push -f



참고 자료

http://git-scm.com/
http://github.com/
아웃사이더님의 git 명령어 정리
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